Six cells, four software versions
The customer has six identical robot cells. After a week of troubleshooting, the engineers discover that the cells run four different firmware versions and two different safety PLC programs, and nobody can say which version was tested and approved.
Every engineer who visited the site had “just updated” something. Each change might have been fine, but now no one knows what is really installed.
Configuration management prevents exactly this: it makes sure everyone knows which version is the right one, and where it is.